What the corrected fit shows

Transit supportSUPPORTED (ΔBIC ≥ 10)

Fitted midpoint shift-0.009 h

Model depth25870.4 ± 67.1 ppm

ΔBIC (null − transit)194575.8

The timing-adjusted transit is strongly preferred by ΔBIC = 194575.8. Its fitted midpoint is -0.009 hours from the historical prediction; the model's mid-transit depth is 25870.4 ± 67.1 ppm. The support decision uses ΔBIC ≥ 10; timing-search p-values are not presented as blind-detection probabilities.

Timing-adjusted limb-darkened transit fit for HAT-P-32 b — The dotted vertical line is the historical archive prediction; the dashed colored line marks the fitted midpoint (-0.009 h). The smooth curve fits timing, radius ratio, impact parameter, and a local linear baseline.

Explicit model comparison

Linear nullχ² 202685.61 / 6991 dof

BIC = 202703.31

Limb-darkened transitχ² 8083.21 / 6988 dof

BIC = 8127.47

The null fits a local intercept and slope. The transit adds bounded midpoint, radius-ratio, and impact-parameter freedom while retaining the same baseline terms. Fixed limb darkening and circular geometry make this a diagnostic fit rather than a full system retrieval.

Multi-sector robustness and noise

Supported combined depth25870.4 +/- 151.6 ppm

Supported / fitted sectors1 / 1

Residual beta range2.26-2.26

The archive prediction was timing-adjusted independently in 1 fitted sector(s) (S58), of which 1 meet Delta BIC >= 10. Formal depth errors were inflated by sqrt(max(reduced chi-square, 1)) times the residual time-averaging beta factor (observed range 2.26-2.26). The robust inverse-variance model depth across supported sectors is 25870.4 +/- 151.6 ppm; a sector-to-sector Q test requires at least two supported sectors. These scaled errors address underestimated scatter and short-timescale correlation, but they are not a full Gaussian-process or physical limb-darkened transit fit.

Independent sector transit fits for HAT-P-32 b — Independent sector transit fits. Reproduced from the committed public TESS SPOC files.

Sector depth consistency for HAT-P-32 b — Sector depth consistency. Reproduced from the committed public TESS SPOC files.

Residual RMS time-averaging diagnostic for HAT-P-32 b — Residual RMS time-averaging diagnostic. Reproduced from the committed public TESS SPOC files.

The system

Radius	22.19 Earth radii
Mass	216.12 Earth masses
Orbital period	2.150008 days
Transit duration	3.120 hours
Semi-major axis	0.0340 AU
Equilibrium temperature	1836 K
Host and distance	HAT-P-32 · 289.20 pc
Discovery	2011 · Transit · HATNet

Values are from the exact saved NASA Exoplanet Archive pscomppars row in data/system_parameters.csv.

Data and reproducibility

The observed photometry is the public MAST file tess2022302161335-s0058-0000000292152376-0247-s_lc.fits, TESS Sector 58, collection DOI 10.17909/t9-nmc8-f686. It is stored unmodified. Exact archive URI, URL, retrieval date, and checksum are in data/SOURCE.md.

Run python scripts/analyze_transit.py and python scripts/analyze_multisector.py to regenerate the figures and CSVs, then pytest tests/ -v to check the documented values against the real file.

Limitations

The orbit is circular and the quadratic limb-darkening coefficients are fixed representative values.
The scaled semi-major axis comes from saved composite values whose uncertainties are not propagated.
The midpoint is searched within a bounded window; ΔBIC is used as the support gate.
PDCSAP processing, dilution, stellar variability, timing variations, and covariance can bias the geometry.
Published global fits with physical priors, instrument-specific detrending, and simultaneous sectors remain authoritative.

References

Hartman et al. 2011 — discovery reference listed by the NASA Exoplanet Archive.
Ricker et al. (2015), Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.1.1.014003.
TESS Team, TESS Light Curves — All Sectors, MAST, doi:10.17909/t9-nmc8-f686; Sector 58 used here.
NASA Exoplanet Archive, saved TAP row retrieved 2026-08-15.